JSON

JSON Nima?

JSON ma'lumotlarni saqlash va almashish uchun sintaksisdir.

JSON - bu JavaScript obyekt notatsiyasi bilan yozilgan matn.

Python'da JSON

Python'da JSON ma'lumotlari bilan ishlash uchun ishlatiladigan json nomli ichki paket mavjud.

Misol

json modulini import qiling:

import json

JSON-ni Tahlil Qilish - JSON-dan Python-ga O'tkazish

Agar sizda JSON satri bo'lsa, uni json.loads() metodidan foydalanib tahlil qilishingiz mumkin.

Natija Python lug'ati bo'ladi.

Misol

JSON-dan Python-ga o'tkazish:

import json

# JSON namunasi:
x = '{"name":"John", "age":30, "city":"New York"}'

# x ni tahlil qilish:
y = json.loads(x)

# natija Python lug'ati:
print(y["age"])

Python-dan JSON-ga O'tkazish

Agar sizda Python obyekti bo'lsa, uni json.dumps() metodidan foydalanib JSON satriga aylantirishingiz mumkin.

Misol

Python-dan JSON-ga o'tkazish:

import json

# Python obyekti (lug'at):
x = {
    "name": "John",
    "age": 30,
    "city": "New York"
}

# JSON-ga aylantirish:
y = json.dumps(x)

# natija JSON satri:
print(y)

Siz quyidagi Python obyekt turlarini JSON satrlariga aylantirishingiz mumkin:

• dict
• list
• tuple
• string
• int
• float
• True
• False
• None

Misol

Python obyektlarini JSON satrlariga aylantirib, qiymatlarni chop etish:

import json

print(json.dumps({"name": "John", "age": 30}))
print(json.dumps(["apple", "bananas"]))
print(json.dumps(("apple", "bananas")))
print(json.dumps("hello"))
print(json.dumps(42))
print(json.dumps(31.76))
print(json.dumps(True))
print(json.dumps(False))
print(json.dumps(None))

Python-dan JSON-ga aylantirganda, Python obyektlari JSON (JavaScript) ekvivalentiga aylantiriladi:

Python	JSON
dict	Object
list	Array
tuple	Array
str	String
int	Number
float	Number
True	true
False	false
None	null

Misol

Barcha qonuniy ma'lumot turlarini o'z ichiga olgan Python obyektini aylantirish:

import json

x = {
    "name": "John",
    "age": 30,
    "married": True,
    "divorced": False,
    "children": ("Ann", "Billy"),
    "pets": None,
    "cars": [
        {"model": "BMW 230", "mpg": 27.5},
        {"model": "Ford Edge", "mpg": 24.1}
    ]
}

print(json.dumps(x))

Natijani Formatlash

Yuqoridagi misol JSON satrini chop etadi, lekin u juda oson o'qilmaydi, chunki unda joy tashlash va qator tanaffuslari yo'q.

json.dumps() metodi natijani o'qishni osonlashtirish uchun parametrlarga ega:

Misol

indent parametridan foydalanib, joy tashlashlar sonini belgilang:

json.dumps(x, indent=4)

Shuningdek, ajratgichlarni belgilashingiz mumkin, standart qiymat (", ", ": ") bo'lib, bu har bir obyektni vergul va bo'sh joy bilan ajratishni, kalitlarni qiymatlardan ikki nuqta va bo'sh joy bilan ajratishni anglatadi:

Misol

separators parametridan foydalanib, standart ajratgichni o'zgartiring:

json.dumps(x, indent=4, separators=(". ", " = "))

Natijani Tartiblash

json.dumps() metodi natijadagi kalitlarni tartiblash uchun parametrlarga ega:

Misol

sort_keys parametridan foydalanib, natija tartiblanishi kerakligini yoki yo'qligini belgilang:

json.dumps(x, indent=4, sort_keys=True)